Introduction
processing of technical textiles is placed on the snow storm in the world. In this globalization of science and technology, new technologies, such as fine chemicals, fiber optics, high-polymer plastics, resins, textile fibers heat resistant, etc. Have fiber composites demonstrated improved alternatives in the form of technical fabrics and upgrade the blueprint production, consumption and trade of a ConsiderableWay.
Application category
Besides the traditional textile practice, technical textiles are mobile in various industries, such as banner ads, automotive, agriculture, aviation, construction, chemical, leather, horticulture, medicine, mining, petroleum, packaging, pharmaceuticals, electrical protection environmental, food processing, printing, rubber, transportation, protective clothing and safety, etc.
It includes protection against cuts, nuclear, biological andchemical, and high-voltage static electricity and other harsh consequences for puncture wounds, explosions, abrasion, ballistics, fire and heat, dust and particles. Therefore, there is a request to the sensitive machines and equipment for cleaning the rooms or secure transactions and always there with the coverage and to protect employees by providing personal protective equipment for the job.
Personal Protective Equipment(EPP)
According to European Council Directive 89/856/EEC of protective clothing is an individual of any instrument or method to be placed or held to protect against one or more risks to health and safety in the activities of users of devices protection and in abbreviated form, as it is called PSA. To reduce the risks significantly different for the worker is the question of protection after the last PPE all planning, training andprocedural efforts.
There are three types of personal protective equipment according to class of risk / risk:
. Low Risk Protective Equipment: This falls into the category I: low risk or general, personal protective equipment such as gloves, simple, hats, shoes, sunglasses, traditional clothing, etc.
. Average risks Personal protective equipment: This qualifies as a Type-II medium risk.
. High Risk Personal Protective Equipment: This is part ofCategory III: How the respiratory / lung related equipment for firefighters, gloves etc at very high temperatures for a very risky works.
program PPE Safety
At the site of the most common causes of occupational hazards are the main forms:
. Mechanical damage
. Soaring elements / fine during the process of
. Heat, concentrated light, sound and dust
. Radiation, bacteria, chemical wastes, gaseous pollution
. UnpleasantWeather / work Unconditional
During the test, and implement program of the EPP and control over such risks and is necessary to analyze the nature of the risks associated with any necessary arrangements to come. Although many changes take place at work to write more often is a must.
In any organization and the risks are dangerous drop off as follows:
. Abolition - Fist, and therefore more at risk or dangerous working practices in the workplace itself is to eliminate aimportant step that can lead to risk reduction.
. Replacement - Replacement of a dangerous or hazardous work practice with a less dangerous place.
. Segregation - people who have no training / labor information, in short, the dangerous practice / areas as a danger zone.
. Engineering - There are some changes in equipment or the provision of protective equipment.
. Awareness / Training program - including training to increase awareness of the risks in reducingJobs.
. Personal protective equipment - should be used only when other control measures is not possible, or to increase security, this is the last but not least, an acceptable alternative.
The application of PSA is inevitable in certain methods or procedures. Protecting the eyes with glasses, her face covered with screen, the legs are all over / shoes or boots with special helmets and head equipment of this type, where workers have to bear all times because of suddenComplaints. But there is no alternative, instead of wearing protective equipment.
Protective clothing
treated largely as personal protective equipment
From a simple request for specific apron dresses, there is so much availability of protective clothing. made to protect the environment, particularly in the following PPE protective clothing, in particular, be made.
. Fire / Flames
. Dirty Weather
. Nuclear infectivity
.Mechanical damage
. Electrical (static) / Electronics Industry
. The freezing or low temperatures
. Ballistics
. Radiation, radio active emissions
. Bacteria / Virus
. Chemical / Gas
Fine particles during the process in food and pharmaceutical industry generates
Gritty during the manufacture of goods such as food, electronics, wear protective clothing required for the environment or lint-free anti-staticHigh visibility clothing room clean and clean is required. A surgical barrier between the dangers and support by wearing protective clothing, But basic to moderately complex coated fabrics up and running exceeding materials are used in a wide range of one to protect against risks, and it depends on the application or the 'previously found application in the workplace or work operation.
After the materials of fibers, protective equipment orClothing
flame retardant (FR) finish for thermal protection
To protect against fire and heat, flame equipment only used on the fabric. may influence the use of certain specialty chemicals aspect. To spread the best option to use less severe, the newly developed polyester and acrylic fibers or special fire-resistant fibers such as aramid fibers are far away. Clothing is woven with many different layers of different materials with the product process, knitted andFabric. A layer of tissue that detailed proposed, such as fire, vapor barrier and insulation, glass manufacturing, etc. In industry, fire service, welding and foundry work, or the application heat resistant clothing applicable. To counter the spray of molten metal, special surfaces or finishing is required. Cotton is also used in electric arc protection.
breathable fabric laminated to very cold temperatures
A layer of air between the dead body andoutside, so that the body temperature of heat conduction or removed do not affect in any way to very cold temperatures in the workplace. breathable fabric laminates of different materials are widely used in personal protective equipment at work to protect a cold temperature of the cold.
rolling only protection against bacteria / viruses
There are two important methods for the use of PPE materials in manufacturing. Through a unique interface adds a bactericide inTextile immediately, under certain conditions the drug is often discharged gradually. The second method is by coating or laminating a fabric trade barrier.
Body armor with ballistic protection used in
bulletproof vests through the defense and police forces for ballistic protection of high-tech fibers are applied. As required, a large number of possible answers in this type of production, but this segment is very similar to fire personalEquipment and their needs.
Lead coated material for radiation
According to the classification and the emission of radiation or danger, the fiber for personal protective equipment should be based on actual need is a bit 'more complex. The lead-coated material is used to protect are the X-rays, and a polyethylene fiber and boron layers of different materials condensed to protect the personal protective equipment and clothing, used differentRadiation.
Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) protective clothing for electronics industry
Research conducted in different parts of the world for the use of ESD garments in the electronic industry, Which showed that approximately 30-50% of all observed failures in electronic products, while production and can be up to a certain type of electrical congestion, are recognized, one of which is a type ESD. Although old standard test to assess the functioning of modern clothing ESDprotectiveApplications in electronics to measure properly and effectively. Therefore, a new European research project - clothing ESTAT - was launched in early 2002. The focus of this three-year project (2002-2005) is the body IEC TC101 provide a basis for the availability of clothing required to qualify for the safe handling of ESD sensitive to electrostatic discharge (ESD) devices and the development of methods appropriate test for the characterization of this ESD protectionClothing.
used non-woven polyethylene or different coatings to protect the gas or chemical hazards
Gas and chemical defensive equipment are widely used and accepted in the chemistry and gas. Garments of cotton or synthetic or PSA preferably in chemical risks at low risk, and further chemical hard coating and laminating the protective clothing they need a barrier to penetration of chemicals and gases. Low level of protection against Plyethylene Non Wovensubstance often used in raw form into the EPP, it is possible to form coated with polyethylene protection against the high level of application. Even the advanced material fabric as per requirement of the workplace and the process of a higher degree of protection.
Spunbond polyethylene fabric PPE for pesticide applications
Pesticides can go into the bodies of four ways, by mouth, skin, eyes and lungs. Skin contact is the most common cause, and some pesticides go intoaround the body through the skin a bit 'promptly. For protection from dangerous pesticides, protective equipment such as long-sleeved shirt and long pants, shoes and socks, chemical resistant gloves Category A, unlined, elbow-length chemical resistant gloves, etc. are common. The fabrics provide a barrier of air between the fabric and the wearer and the pesticide. Thick cotton twill offers superior protection of pesticides than other tissues. cotton suits are a common choicebecause of their accessibility, be readily available and their lightweight properties. The use of pesticides in powder, granules or powder, uncoated nonwovens is comfortable. Tyvek, a 100% spun bonded polyethylene fabric by DuPont, is a sort of an uncoated non-woven fabric.
Special fibers para-starch and polyethylene used to protect module to cut / slash
Industry wants food (slaughterhouses), forestry or the manufacture of cement, where the employee works with uncertainExtras (pine sawdust), in this case, heavy layers of coarse fibers are used to make PSA. special fibers such as aramid and polyethylene high strength is widely used to make protective equipment or clothing. However, cotton is still the unprecedented opportunities for the working tissues. This means that long-sleeved cotton shirts and distributed T-shirts, cotton trousers are too wide.
Other types of protection
How high visibility clothing, life jackets, etc. is made of PVCinfiltrated with fluorescent pigments and with different materials as needed. reflective materials are ideal for high visibility clothing. A series of reflective materials to make boards and integrated into clothing to use. The requirement is for the construction of roads and advanced general and police, as well as protection from dust, static electricity, etc. and will be widely used as protective equipment.
Completion
The end user of protective equipment is the protector orThose consumers, who, according to the needs of PSA and by examining the application of PSA in different environments in the first place, the consumer must be trained or guided by what the covering detailed information on personal protective equipment? In many countries there seems to be a strict legislative restrictions or requirements of employers or workers to protect themselves from dangerous workplace or the environment and use of personal protective equipment necessarily. And 'safeCreate awareness among employees or workers wear protective equipment in hazardous areas or in the workplace and the provision of adequate personal protective equipment, stores and protects your company too.
